Mycenae (Mycenae, Mycenae) was an ancient city of Argolis near Mount Tritos and across the Argolic Gulf. The archaeological site of Mycenae lies about 90 kilometers southwest of Athens, in the northeast Peloponnese.

During the 2nd millennium BC, Mycenae was one of the largest centers of Greek civilization, constituting a powerful military fortress that dominated much of southern Greece. The period of Greek history between 1600 BC. until about 1100 BC. it is called Mycenaean, referring to Mycenae. At the height of their glory, in 1350 BC, the castle and the lower city had a population of 30,000 and were 32 hectares. Homer first mentions the city by describing it in the words broad, multicolored.

Although the fort was built by Greeks, the name Mycenae is not considered Greek, but rather a pre-Hellenic name adopted by prominent Greeks. According to Pausanias, Perseus built the Mycenaeans in Tiryns and gave them this name either because the fungus (pouch) fell from his sword or when he was thirsty, he found a fungus (ie a mushroom) and pulled him saw the source of Persia, which exists today.

This prompted Henry Schliemann to dig the Mycenaean acropolis, where he found the well-known vertical hollow tombs, various vessels of rare art, specimens of Mycenaean civilization developed centrally in Mycenae from 1600 BC to 1100 BC. Schliemann`s work continued in 1888 with Christos Tsountas, whose systematic, almost twenty-year-long excavation brought the palace to the top of the acropolis, as well as numerous chamber tombs throughout the area. The work of Schleiman and Christos Chouda continued worthily with Alan Wace, director of the British School of Archeology, who from 1919 to 1955 systematized the data until then, enriched the research, findings, and knowledge of the site. and its cultural idiom. Worthy followers of the scientific legend of the foregoing, William Taylor (Lord William Taylour), whose research brought to light the Religious Center on the lower west slope of the fortified hill, John Papadimitriou who brought to light Tomb Circle Mylonas who as the director of excavations of the archaeological company for about 30 years completed the most important excavation work on the Acropolis of Mycenae, revealing extensive residential complexes, such as the northern warehouses, the northwest, and southwestern district, contributing to the understanding of the organization and use of space in a unique palace complex, such as the Mycenae. In addition, the contribution of Sp. Iacovidis and Frances (E. French) over the last thirty years has capitalized on a fascinating and endless reading of Mycenaean culture for almost a century.

Today, there is the small village of Mycenae (Harvati during the Turkish occupation) and the ruins of the Acropolis, which always remind us of the distant and glorious seasons. Of the surviving ruins, today are the two burial royal enclosures A and B that formed part of the extensive prehistoric cemetery west of the palace hill, the excavation of which is the largest bulk of the excavations. and are distinguished for their fine art), the treasure of Atreus (vaulted tomb), the vaulted tomb of Clytemnestra, the Lion`s Gate, the Royal Palace, the temple, the North Gate, and the Underground Tank, etc. Many of the findings brought to light by the archaeological excavations at Mycenae are on display at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens as well as at the new, modern, Museum of Mycenae on the northern slope of the acropolis, prompting admiration by millions of visitors from all corners.